Method of affixing replaceable roll crusher shells



April 11, 1967 E. o. SPANGLER METHOD OF AFFIXING REPLACEABLE ROLL CRUSHER SHELLS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Aug. 1, 1963 INVENTOR.

EDWARD O. SPANGLER ATTORNEY April 11, 1967 E. o. SPANGLER 3,

METHOD OF AFFIXING REPLACEABLE ROLL CRUSHER SHELLS Original Filed Aug. 1, 1963 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 'INVENTOR. 3! 39 I EDWARD 0. SPANGLER H 5 Wm? ATTORNEY United States Patent M 3,313,015 METHOD OF AFFIXING REPLACEABLE ROLL CRUSHER SHELLS Edward O. Spangler, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, assignor to Iowa Manufacturing Company of Cedar Rapids, Iowa Original application Aug. 1, 1963, Ser. No. 299,421, now Patent No. 3,231,205, dated Jan. 5, 1966. Divided and this application June 1, 1965, Ser. No. 460,399 3 Claims. (Cl. 29-148.4)

This application is a division of copending application Ser. No. 299,421, filed Aug. 1, 1963, now Patent 3,231,- 205, granted Jan. 5, 1966.

The invention concerns a method of securing replaceable shells of roll type crushers to the roll spider.

Inasmuch as the working surfaces of the crushing rolls of roll crushers are subject to relatively rapid wear, it is desirable that these surfaces be able to be renewed with as little expense and crusher shut-down time as possible. To this end crushing rolls are usually fashioned with an outer, annular roll shell removably mounted to an inner hub or spider, the latter being relatively permanently journaled in the crusher proper. The prior art abounds with numerous types of replaceable roll shells, generally in segmental form, and with numerous means by which they are secured to the inner hub or spider. The prior art has not, however, so far as known, provided means for securing the segments to the spider which at the same time accommodates the axial growth of the segments occurring during the use of the crushing rolls.

Such growth arises from the fact that the segments are usually fashioned from austenitic steels, such as Hadiield manganese steel, and thus are subject to flow and consequently work hardening of the crushing surfaces of the segments under crushing loads. If the mounting of the segments to the spider confines their axial growth, the segments tend to warp or bow in their axial plane, resulting in decreased segment life and efliciency.

Accordingly, the chief object of the invention is the provision of simple but rugged and efi ective method to secure the replaceable segments of a roll shell to the spider or hub of a crushing roll, which method at the same time permits each segment to elongate or grow axially thereof under working loads and yet be easily and quickly replaced when necessary. Briefly summarized, one application of the invention provides each segment of the roll shell with a lip at each end thereof extending radially inwards, the opposed inner walls of which overlap the end walls of the spider, thus locating the segment axially. Each lip in turn is provided with a pair of apertures therein which align with a similar pair of apertures in the respective spider end walls. Means are located in the aperture which, acting through the lips, exert a radially inwards force, clamping the segment securely to the spider and yet which at the same time are slidable in the spider end wall apertures to accommodate axial flow of the segments. Such means at each end of the segment are independent of those of the other end and of the spider so that there is no tying together of the segment ends, as is typical in prior art devices. In their preferred form the means utilized in the invention comprise a block in each spider end wall aperture and slidable therein to project into the lip aperture in alignment therewith. The outer end of the radially inwardly facing wall of the block is shaped with a suitable ramp engaging a complementary ramp in the lip aperture so that as the block is drawn into the lip aperture the segment is tightly clamped down upon the spider. A headed bolt, extending through a clamp plate on the outer face of the lip and the lip aperture itself, is threaded into the block and provides suitable means for drawing the block and its ramp outwardly into engagement with the ramp of the lip aperture and for maintain- 3,313,015 Patented Apr. 11, 1967 ing the ramp so engaged. Consequently, since the blocks at each end of the segment are independent of those at the other end and are relatively slidable in their respective end wall apertures even when tightly engaged with the lips of the segment, either end of the latter is thus movable axially Without regard to the other end or to the spider, whereby any axial flow of the segment is accommodated. At the same time the segment is easily replaceable simply by removing the bolts and sliding the blocks back into their respective end wall apertures.

Other and further objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following, more detailed description of the preferred form thereof, read in conjunction with the drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is an end view of a partially assembled crushing roll according to the present invention, certain portions being broken away;

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view of one end of an assembled crushing roll according to the present invention, a portion thereof being broken away;

FIGURE 4 is a sectional view taken along the line 4-4 of FIGURE 3; and

FIGURE 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 55 of FIGURE 4.

Inasmuch as roll crushers are Well known, there is no need to describe or illustrate them here, particularly since this invention concerns solely the crushing rolls them: selves. The latter, as has been mentioned, each comprises essentially an inner hub or spider 10, somewhat like that described in US. Patent 2,803,411, and an outer, annular roll shell composed of a number of identical, axially extending segments 11 disposed about spider 10 and circumferentially slightly spaced from each other. Spider 10 is an integral, generally cylindrical casting from suitable material, such as grey iron, having a smooth outer cylindrical wall 12 and a :pair of end walls 13. The central portions of the latter are each somewhat inwardly dished and provided with a pair of opposed, axially inwardly extending bosses 14, axially machined to furnish suitable plain bores 15 upon which to mount spider 10, while the remaining, thereby annular portions of end walls 13 are ground parallel to each other and perpendicular to the axis of bores 15. One or more keyways 16 are machined in bores 15 in order to fix spider 10 to the journals of the crusher roll shaft. Bosses 14 are tied to each other and to end walls 13 by means of several radially outwardly extending reinforcing ribs 17 spaced about bosses 14 and stretching axially between end walls 13. Outer cylindrical wall 12 of spider 10 is reinforced with respect to itself and to end walls 13 by means of several circumferentially equally spaced ribs 18a and 18b extending both radially inwardly from the inner surface of outer wall 12 to .the outer rims of the dished portions of end walls 13 and axially between the latter. Ribs 17, 18a and 18b, of course, are preferably cast integral with outer wall 12 and end walls 13. The number of ribs 18a,

and 18b is such as to impart sufiicient strength to outer wall 12 and its adjacent end walls 13 to support segments 11 thereon. In the particular embodiment illustrated in the drawings, the roll shell is octally divided and it will be observed (see FIGURE 1) that the number and spacing of ribs 18a and 18b is such that a rib 18a lies directly beneath each pair of adjacent circumferential ends of' segments 11 while a rib 18b lies directly beneath each segment 11 and in a radial plane bisecting the included angle between its circumferential ends.

Between each pair of ribs 18a, the side walls 13 of spider 10 are provided with opposite pairs of integrally cast, generally rectangular apertures or openings 20 (only the pairs in one side wall 13 being illustrated) extending inwardly parallel to the axis of spider and equally spaced on each side of the included rib 18b. Openings 20 are so located on side walls 13 that the inner portions of their radially inwardly facing side walls 21 are constituted by the inner surface of outer wall 12 and the inner portions of their radially outwardly facing side walls 22 by axially parallel flanges 23 cast integrally with end walls 13 and extending inwardly from the radially inner margins of openings 20, whence an axial plane longitudinally bisects the side walls 21 and 22 of each opening 20. Eachof the latter is additionally provided with a pair of axially parallel guide walls 24 flush with the circumferentially disposed side walls of each opening 20 and extending inwardly therefrom along the inner surface of outer wall 12, being formed on the opposed faces of a pair of short ribs 25 cast integrally with outer wall 12 and side walls 13. Finally, just beyond and transversely of the inner end of each flange 23, a circumferentially extending rib 26 is integrally cast on the inner surface of outer'wall 12, projecting radially inward therefrom.

Each segment 11 is cast in an arcuate shape from suitable austenitic material and may be provided on its inner peripheral surface with a numer of spaced, circumferentially extending ribs 30 whose outer faces may be ground to provide a good seat for segments ll'upon spider.10. Segments 11 each overhang end walls 13 of spider 10 and are provided adjacent their outer ends with integral, radially inwardly projecting lips 31, axially spaced from each other and of suflicient radial and circumferential extent so that they slidably overlap their respective adjacent pairs of openings 20 in end Walls 13. Lips 31 are preferably centrally disposed between the circumferential ends of segments 11 so that they are thereby transversely bisected by an axial plane through therespective included ribs 18b of spider 10. Each lip 31 in turn is apertured to provide a pair of rectangular openings 32, the walls of which are substantially flush with those of openings 20.

However, the radially outwardly facing walls of openings.

32 are formed to provide inclined ramps 33 extending from the outer margins of openings 20 outwardly toward the working surfaces of segments 11. A suitable ramp angle has proved to be about 17 /2 degrees with respect to the axis of spider 10.

Wedge blocks 34, of generally rectangular section, are provided to be a close sliding fit in openings 20 and of such length that they are wholly contained within openings 20 when their inner ends abut ribs 26. The radially inwardly facing walls of blocks 34 are provided at their outer ends with ramps 35, complementary to ramps 33, of such length that when blocks 34 are slid outwardly in their respective openings 20 ramps 33 and 35 engage well before the outer ends of blocks 34 are flush with the outer faces of lips 31. Each block 34 is longitudinally bored at 36, the outer half or so of bores 36 being internally threaded. A rectangular clamp plate or bar 37 is disposed on the outer face of each lip 31 and across openings 32, the inner face of each bar 37 being provided with two pairs of rectangular legs 38, projecting axially inwards and circumferentially spaced so that each pair straddles one of openings 32. Clamp bars 37 in turn are bored in alignment with bores 36 of blocks 34 and suitable capscrews 39 and lockwashers 40 are inserted therethrough into bores 36 and turned up tightly therein. Accordingly, wedge blocks 34 are drawn outwardly from openings 20 into openings 32 until ramps 33 and 35 engage. Further tightening of capscrews 39 draws eachend of segments 11 radially inwardly upon spider 10 by virtue of the action of ramps 33 and 35 and the reaction of blocks 34 upon side Walls 21 and 22 of openings 20. Since each pair of blocks at each end of segments ll is neither directly connected to that at the other endv nor re-. strained, relatively speaking, against movement in openings 20 axially of spider 10, elongation of segments 11- under working loads are accommodated by slidable move} ment of blocks 34 outwards from openings 20 with substantially no decrease in the radially inwardly acting forces clamping the ends of segments 11 to spider 10.

Removal of segments 11 from spider 10 is easily and quickly accomplished. Capscrews 39 and lockwashers 40 are first removed, then clampbar 37. Blocks 34 are merely pushed back into openings 20 until checked by ribs 26, the latter preventing blocks 34 from being pushed so far that they fall within spider 10, Segments 11 may be then merely lifted off and replaced with new ones, after which clamp bars 37, capscrews 39 and washers 40 are reinstalled.

Although the invention has been described with regard to a particular embodiment and detailed descriptive language has been used, it is not thereby intended to be limited thereto. Instead the following claims are to be read as encompassing all modifications ad adaptations falling within the scope and spirit of the invention.

, I claim:

1. A method of accommodating axial growth of each of a plurality of arcuate, axially extending segments of a generally annular roll shell for encompassing the outer periphery of a generally cylindrical spider rotatable about its axis, said method comprising: disposing each of said segments upon said spider periphery concentrically with respect thereto, applying forces independent of each other adjacent the respective axial ends of said segment directed generally radially inwardly with respect to said segment and spider in order to draw said ends down against the outer periphery of said spider, said forces being applied by separate means adjacent each of said segment ends and independently releasable to allow re moval of said segment from said spider, permitting each of said segment ends to move axially with respect to and independently of said spider and the releasable means at the other of said segment ends while at the same time maintaining said radiallyinwardly directed forces upon said segment ends.

2. A method of accommodating axial growth of each of a plurality of arcuate, axially extending segments of a generally annular roll shell for encompassing the outer periphery of a generally cylindrical spider rotable about its axis, said method comprising: disposing each of said segments upon said spider periphery concentrically with respect thereto, applying forces independent of each other at the respective axial ends of said segment directed generally radially inwardly with respect to said segment and spider in order to draw said ends down against the outer periphery of said spider, said forces being independently releasable to allow removal of said segment from said spider, and permitting each of said segment ends to move axially with respect to and independently of said spider and the other of said segment ends while at the same time maintaining said radially inwardly directed forces upon said segment endsr 3. A method of accommodating axial growth of each of a plurality of arcuate, axially extending segments of a generally annular roll shell for encompassing the outer periphery of a generally cylindrical spider rotable about its axis, said method comprising: disposing each of said segments upon said spider periphery concentrically with respect thereto, applying forces independent of each other adjacent the respective axial ends of said segment directed generally radially inwardly with respect to said segment and spider in order to draw said ends down against the outer periphery of said spider, said forces being applied by separate means adjacent each of said segment ends, each of said means engaging one of said ends and said spider and radially operative therebetween, said means. being independently releasable to allow removal of said segment from said spider, and permitting each of said segment ends and said means adjacent thereto to move axially with respect to an independently of said spider and .the other of said segment ends while at the same time maintaining said inwardly directed forces upon said sege ment'ends.

(References on following page) 5 6 References Cited by the Examiner 2,803,411 8/ 1957 Politz 241-294 et a1. 1,390,019 9/1921 Buchanan 241-294 D 1,410,546 3/1922 Battey 241 294 JOHN F. CAM; BELL, Plzmary Exammer.

2,269,552 1/1942 Ratkowski et a1. 241-494 5 THOMAS G Examiner- 

1. A METHOD OF ACCOMMODATING AXIAL GROWTH OF EACH OF A PLURALITY OF ARCUATE, AXIALLY EXTENDING SEGMENTS OF A GENERALLY ANNULAR ROLL SHELL FOR ENCOMPASSING THE OUTER PERIPHERY OF A GENERALLY CYLINDRICAL SPIDER ROTATABLE ABOUT ITS AXIS, SAID METHOD COMPRISING: DISPOSING EACH OF SAID SEGMENTS UPON SAID SPIDER PERIPHERY CONCENTRICALLY WITH RESPECT THERETO, APPLYING FORCES INDEPENDENT OF EACH OTHER ADJACENT THE RESPECTIVE AXIAL ENDS OF SAID SEGMENT DIRECTED GENERALLY RADIALLY INWARDLY WITH RESPECT TO SAID SEGMENT AND SPIDER IN ORDER TO DRAW SAID ENDS DOWN AGAINST THE OUTER PERIPHERY OF SAID SPIDER, SAID FORCES 